In this chapter, Covey delves into the concept of time management, emphasizing the necessity of prioritizing tasks that resonate with one’s personal values and long-term goals. He introduces a framework that helps individuals distinguish between what is urgent and important, driving home the idea that effectiveness is not merely about managing time but rather about managing oneself.

Covey begins by discussing the common pitfalls of poor time management, where many people find themselves caught up in urgent tasks that do not contribute to their overall objectives. He asserts that this reactive approach can lead to burnout and dissatisfaction. Therefore, to truly manage one's time effectively, one must first clarify personal values and long-term aspirations.

The chapter introduces the Time Management Matrix, a tool that categorizes tasks into four quadrants:

Covey emphasizes that most people spend too much time in Quadrants I and III, leading to a life that feels reactive rather than proactive. He urges readers to focus more on Quadrant II, where true effectiveness lies. This quadrant is where individual goals are met, relationships are nurtured, and personal development occurs. By investing time in Quadrant II activities, individuals can prevent crises and manage their lives with intention.

To put first things first, Covey advocates for the use of weekly planning. He suggests that individuals should start by identifying their roles (e.g., parent, employee, community member) and then set goals for each role. This process encourages individuals to be proactive in their planning rather than merely responding to the demands of the day. Covey highlights the importance of reviewing weekly accomplishments and setting priorities for the upcoming week, ensuring that significant tasks align with one’s core values and desired outcomes.

Additionally, Covey discusses the necessity of saying no. He points out that by prioritizing important tasks, individuals may need to decline less significant opportunities that can derail them from their main objectives. He provides strategies on how to say no effectively, emphasizing that it's crucial to maintain focus on what truly matters.

In conclusion, Habit 3, "Put First Things First," encapsulates the idea that effective time management is rooted in self-management. By aligning daily actions with personal values and long-term goals, individuals can lead more fulfilling lives, reduce stress, and enhance productivity. This chapter serves as a call to action for readers to take charge of their time and priorities, ensuring that their efforts are directed toward what is genuinely important.