In this chapter, the focus is on the animals' strenuous efforts to construct the windmill, a project that they believe will improve their lives on the farm. The chapter opens with the animals working tirelessly, often in harsh weather conditions, to bring Old Major's vision to fruition. Despite their dedication, they are met with numerous challenges that test their resolve and unity.

The pigs, who have taken on the role of leaders, begin to manipulate the animals’ labor to suit their own interests. Napoleon, in particular, exercises increasing control over the farm. To maintain their authority and the illusion of equality, the pigs alter the original commandments of Animalism. They justify their actions by claiming they are necessary for the greater good of the farm, even as they indulge in privileges that set them apart from the other animals.

As they face food shortages, the pigs deceive the other animals about their circumstances. They spread propaganda through Squealer, who uses persuasive language to convince the animals that they are better off than they were under Mr. Jones. The animals are led to believe that their sacrifices are essential for the success of the windmill and the farm’s future. Squealer frequently alters the truth, showcasing the manipulation of information as a key theme in this chapter.

The winter proves particularly brutal, and the animals endure extreme hardships. Despite their efforts, they find themselves cold, hungry, and exhausted. The pigs continue to enjoy comforts and luxuries, which creates animosity among the other animals. To keep morale high, Napoleon stages false displays of abundance, such as filling the grain bins with sand and topping them with a layer of oats, to convince the animals that food supplies are plentiful.

In addition to physical hardships, the animals are subjected to psychological manipulation. Napoleon uses fear tactics, including the threat of Mr. Jones returning, to maintain control. This fear is accentuated by the dogs, who are loyal to Napoleon and intimidate any dissenters. The chapter highlights how the original ideals of the revolution are being eroded as the pigs become more like the humans they overthrew.

By the end of the chapter, the animals are left feeling disillusioned and exhausted, yet they continue to work under the illusion of camaraderie and shared purpose. The chapter serves as a critical reflection on how power dynamics change within a society, illustrating the gradual decline of the principles of equality and solidarity that initially inspired the rebellion.