In this chapter, Raskolnikov engages in a poignant conversation with his mother, Pulcheria Alexandrovna, and his sister, Dunya (Avdotya Romanovna), who have come to St. Petersburg from their provincial home. The chapter serves as a critical exploration of Raskolnikov's fractured relationships with his family, revealing the emotional turmoil he experiences as he grapples with both familial love and his own inner demons.

The meeting begins with Pulcheria expressing her deep concern for Raskolnikov. She is worried about his physical health and mental well-being, noting his disheveled appearance and erratic behavior. Despite her love and care, Raskolnikov feels a sense of detachment and guilt. He struggles internally with the burden of his secret crime and the resultant emotional disconnect from his family, who are unaware of his true state of mind.

Dunya, strong-willed and perceptive, tries to engage Raskolnikov in conversation, but he deflects her questions and exhibits a cold demeanor. Their discussion revolves around family matters, particularly Dunya's recent engagement to Luzhin, a man of dubious character. Raskolnikov is visibly disturbed by this engagement, believing it to be beneath Dunya's worth. He expresses his disdain for Luzhin, viewing him as manipulative and selfish, which adds tension to the atmosphere.

As the conversation progresses, Raskolnikov's conflicting emotions become more pronounced. He feels protective of Dunya, yet is also resentful of her independence and the sacrifices she has made for the family's sake. His sense of superiority leads him to believe he knows what is best for her, which complicates their relationship further. The tension culminates when Raskolnikov harshly criticizes Dunya's choice to marry Luzhin, leading to a confrontation that exposes the rift between Raskolnikov’s ideals and the realities of his family's struggles.

Pulcheria, caught in the middle, tries to mediate between her son and daughter, emphasizing the importance of family unity. However, Raskolnikov’s isolation deepens as he remains preoccupied with his own thoughts, particularly about his philosophical justifications for murder and the nature of morality. This internal conflict clouds his ability to connect with his family, illustrating his mental disarray and the weight of his guilt.

The chapter ends on a somber note, with Raskolnikov retreating further into his troubled mind, leaving his mother and sister distressed. The emotional distance between Raskolnikov and his family is palpable, underscoring the themes of isolation and alienation that permeate the novel. This interaction serves to highlight the contrast between Raskolnikov's intellectual justifications for his actions and the genuine love and concern his family offers, ultimately foreshadowing the struggles he will face as he confronts his own guilt and the consequences of his crime.