In this pivotal chapter, the narrative reaches a significant turning point as Santiago sets out to sea on the eighty-fifth day of his fishing expedition. The old man, determined to break his streak of bad luck, sails far into the Gulf Stream, a place known for its rich fishing grounds but also its unpredictable conditions. Hemingway's prose captures Santiago's deep connection to the sea, illustrating his knowledge and respect for the marine environment as he navigates through the waters.

As he casts his line, Santiago’s thoughts drift to his dreams of lions on the beaches of Africa, which symbolize his lost youth and vitality. This dream serves as a poignant reminder of his past and the vigor he once possessed, contrasting sharply with his current, frail condition. The imagery evokes a sense of nostalgia and longing, enriching the emotional depth of the narrative.

After a lengthy wait, filled with a mix of hope and despair, Santiago finally hooks a giant marlin. The moment he feels the weight of the fish on his line marks the beginning of a fierce struggle, both physically and mentally. Santiago's initial excitement quickly transforms into a battle of wills as he realizes the enormity of the fish he has caught. The marlin, strong and resilient, fights back with incredible force, pulling the old man's skiff deeper into the ocean.

The struggle between Santiago and the marlin is not just a test of strength; it becomes a profound exploration of the themes of perseverance and respect for nature. As the battle intensifies, Santiago reflects on the nature of struggle, the beauty of the marlin, and his own place in the world as an aging fisherman. His thoughts reveal a philosophical depth, as he contemplates the struggle for existence and the dignity inherent in fighting against overwhelming odds.

Hemingway masterfully juxtaposes the physical struggle with Santiago’s internal musings, allowing readers to gain insight into the old man’s character. Santiago’s determination to capture the marlin symbolizes his fight against the relentless passage of time and the challenges of aging. The chapter effectively sets the stage for the subsequent trials Santiago will face, establishing a sense of tension and anticipation as he grapples with both the marlin and his own limitations.

Overall, Chapter 3 serves as a crucial moment in the novella, encapsulating the essence of Santiago's character and the themes of the narrative. It highlights the old man's resilience, his respect for nature, and the deep emotional and philosophical undercurrents that define his journey at sea.