In this chapter, the aftermath of the successful rebellion against Mr. Jones unfolds as the animals begin to establish their new society based on the principles of Animalism. The pigs, recognized as the most intelligent animals, assume leadership roles. They organize the farm's activities, set up committees, and take charge of the education of the other animals, promoting the teachings of Old Major. The other animals, motivated by a sense of hope and unity, eagerly engage in the hard work necessary to improve their living conditions.

As the chapter progresses, the pigs, particularly Napoleon and Snowball, start to take advantage of their leadership status. They reserve for themselves the best food, citing their need for nourishment to lead and make decisions for the farm. This gradual accumulation of privileges begins to create a rift among the animals. While the other animals work tirelessly, they notice that the pigs are enjoying special treatment, including the consumption of milk and apples, which they justify by claiming these foods are essential for their health and the benefit of all.

Furthermore, the pigs establish the concept of leadership and begin to manipulate the Seven Commandments of Animalism to suit their needs. Squealer, the propaganda-spouting pig, plays a crucial role in persuading the other animals that the pigs' actions are justified. He employs clever language and rhetoric, often twisting the truth to maintain control over the group's perception. For instance, he argues that without the pigs' guidance, the farm would descend into chaos, which further solidifies their authority.

Despite the initial enthusiasm and camaraderie, discontent begins to brew among the animals as they realize the disparity in their living conditions and the pigs’ indulgence. The hardworking horse, Boxer, remains loyal and continues to believe in the cause, but even he faces doubts. The chapter concludes with a sense of unease, highlighting the early signs of inequality that will plague the farm as the pigs become increasingly self-serving, setting the stage for future conflicts and the erosion of the original revolutionary ideals.